SA Mining Heritage
Take a trip back through a significant era of Australia’s mining history in the Mount Lofty and Flinders Ranges of South Australia. Recapture the romance and adventure of Australia’s first mining era in this picturesque landscape, which still bears the evidence of mining activity.
The Mining Legacy
Much remains to capture the atmosphere of this early mining era. The dry South Australian climate has helped to preserve stone buildings and chimneys, deep mine shafts and tunnels, tailing heaps and slag dumps. There are more than 20 widely scattered and diverse sites which are managed by a range of organisations. These provide a representative range of what remains of the historic mining sites and field relics and most are State Heritage Listed. Self-guided walking trails, featuring interpretive panels, have been established at many of these sites. In the towns, which were born of the historic mining era, you will find signposted heritage trails, museums and interpretive centres, colourful historic hotels and restored stone buildings containing restaurants, craft shops and specialty accommodation. These allow you the chance to experience part of South Australia’s unique mining heritage.
South Australia’s Mining Heritage Trails brochure
ADELAIDE HILLS AND FLEURIEU PENINSULA Map
- Sleeps Hill Quarries Trail
Twelve small quartzite quarries were worked between 1916 and 1950 in a steep valley overlooking Adelaide at High Street, Belair. A self-guided trail through a pleasant bushland setting links the quarries, and highlights the labour intensive and dangerous nature of quarrying of that era. Download the brochure
- Almanda Mine Trail
This small silver mine is on Dorset Vale Road in Scott Creek Conservation Park near Cherry Gardens, about 20km south of Adelaide. The discovery of silver in 1868 sparked a small rush but operations ceased in 1870. The site contains the remains of a stone enginehouse and chimney, and a tunnel and open cut can also be inspected.
Download the brochure - Jupiter Creek Diggings
Gold was discovered near Echunga, 16km from Adelaide, in 1852, but could not halt a general exodus to the Victorian Goldfields. In 1868, a small rush took place at Jupiter Creek and mining was carried out periodically until the 1960s. The self-guided interpretive trail includes an underground section through an adit.
Download the brochure - Barossa Goldfield Trail
Alluvial gold was discovered here in 1868 and resulted in a rush of up to 4000 people which lasted until 1870. The small township of Barossa was established and survived until the 1950s. Reef mining took place in the 1890s. Part of the goldfield, preserved on Para Wirra National Park, can be rediscovered on two self-guided interpretive trails, which commence from the northern entrance to the park. The shorter walk takes about an hour; the second walk 3-4 hours.
Download the brochure - Bowdens Cottage, Barossa Goldfield
The Barossa Goldfields Historical Society opens Bowden’s Cottage on Tuesday mornings.
The Society runs an annual OPEN DAY on the fourth Sunday in September when visitors can pan for gold, see mining displays, learn about local history, see blacksmithing demonstrations, old working engines and enjoy Billy tea and damper. Brochure - Talisker Mine Trail
This mine is located on the southern Fleurieu Peninsula, 100km south of Adelaide on Talisker Conservation Park. It produced silver-lead bullion between 1862 and 1872, and the township of Silverton was established with a population of up to 300 people. The mine ruins and workings provide a unique picture of 19th Century Cornish mining and ore processing techniques. An interpretive walking trail passes the ruins of a brick kiln, smelting furnace and crusher house.
Download the brochure
Callington
Copper was discovered by Cornish miners in this district in 1845 and a number of mines were established, most bearing the names of Cornish mines. The most important were the Kanmantoo and Bremer mines. Callington was laid out in 1850 and buildings from the mining era remain. The tall chimney on the edge of the town marks the Bremer Mine which worked from 1850-1875. Signs are located on the road near the heritage listed powder magazine. Callington Heritage Trail
Willunga
Slate was discovered in the nearby hills in 1840 and led to the development of a thriving industry. It was quarried by Cornish miners and carted to Port Willunga, where it was shipped for use in the building industry. The industry declined after the 1890s but many historic buildings within Willunga featuring the use of slate still stand.
- Willunga Slate Museum and Trail
This unique museum is located in an old Stables building and tells of the discovery of slate in 1840, the methods of quarrying and the traditional skills and tools of the Cornish quarrymen who migrated to this first quarry town “the slate capital of Australia”. Slate Museum 5 min Video
The Slate Trail starts from the museum and enables visitors to explore Willunga’s back streets and churchyards, appreciate the many uses of slate, and see the quaint cottages of the quarrymen and the grander homes of the quarry owners.
MID NORTH Map
Kapunda
Kapunda, the first significant metal mine in Australia, operated between 1844 and 1878. The boom period during the 1840s – 1870s saw a strong and independent business and manufacturing base develop in the town.
- Kapunda Heritage Trail
The 10km Kapunda Heritage Trail allows the opportunity to see some of the town’s historic places, buildings and remnants of previous lifestyles that have shaped Kapunda’s history and character.
Trail Map - Kapunda Mine Trail
The Kapunda Mine Trail is an easy walk of one and a half kilometres and takes about one hour to complete. Interpretive signs explain how the ore was mined and treated.
Download the brochure - Bagots Fortune
This interpretive display of the history of Australia’s first successful mining venture is run by the Kapunda Historical Society. It covers all the aspects of early mining and the pioneer lifestyle of the miners. A feature is the working scale model of the Cornish Buhl Pumping Engine that was installed on the mine in 1852.
Burra
Copper ore was discovered at Burra 160 km north of Adelaide in 1845 and, for the next 10 years, it was the largest mine in Australia. In 1851, more than 5000 people lived in the various townships surrounding the mine. Much of the built heritage of the mine and townships survives, providing a unique glimpse of a mid‑19th Century industrial site. In recognition of Burra’s outstanding value as an historic place, the Burra State Heritage Area added to the National Heritage List in May 2017.
- Burra Heritage Trail
This 11km signposted drive trail with 49 points of interest forms the route for visitors using the Burra Passport.
Trail Map
- Burra Passport
The unique Burra Passport, provides the opportunity to inspect a number of historic sites on the Burra Heritage Trail including the Burra Mine Museum, Redruth Gaol, Miners Dugouts, Brewery Cellars and Smelts Paddock. - Burra Mine Historic Site
This open-air museum has been developed to conserve and interpret the history and extensive remains of the Burra Mine which operated from 1845 to 1877. Within the Burra Mine Site are several self-guided walking trails and lookouts with interpretive signs including Morphetts Enginehouse Museum, the Dressing Tower and Powder Magazine.
Download the Burra Mine brochure - Morphetts Enginehouse Museum
This reconstructed Cornish enginehouse contains interpretive displays on the Cornish beam engine and a working model of a beam engine. Inspect the pump shaft and Cornish beam winding enginehouse. Original pumping equipment along with the remains of several mine buildings are also accessible. - Bon Accord Mine
The Bon Accord Mine (1859) has been developed into a mining museum, which depicts the history and development of Burra. This museum also houses an accurate scale model of the Burra Mine. - Burra Smelting Works
This site contains the remains of the Burra Smelting Works which operated from 1849 to 1869. Today the site is of World significance as it is probably the only example where remains of a pre-1860 Welsh-style smelting works survive.
Trail Map
YORKE PENINSULA Map
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Inneston Gypsum Mine Trail
Mining of gypsum, which formed in the shallow salt lakes of southern Yorke Peninsula, began in 1889. Inneston Lake was mined between 1913 and 1930. During this time a plaster factory was built and the township of Inneston established on the lake edge. A 2km interpretive walk takes you through the remains of the operations and township which are preserved in Innes National National Park. Trail Map
Moonta
Copper was discovered here in 1861 by a shepherd named Paddy Ryan. During the late 19th century, the Moonta and Wallaroo Mines formed one of the largest copper producing areas of the world. These mines were worked by skilled Cornish miners and the area became known as Australia’s Little Cornwall. The Cornish heritage is still evident today in various former Methodist churches, mine enginehouses and miner’s cottages scattered around the mines area, which is now a State Heritage Area. The Kernewek Lowender, the largest Cornish Festival outside Cornwall, is held every second year in May when the towns of Australia’s Little Cornwall celebrate their Cornish heritage.
The Moonta Mines and Burra State Heritage Areas now form the Australian Cornish Mining Heritage Site.
- Moonta Heritage Trail
A 16km heritage drive visits 63 sites of interest in the town and adjacent mines area.
Trail Map - Moonta Cemetery Walks
Take a guided walk through the Heritage listed Moonta Cemetery and discover the stories of many of the people buried there. Hear how epidemics were responsible for the deaths of over three hundred children, the Mining Fatalities, the first triplets born on the Yorke Peninsula and many more interesting stories. - Moonta Mines Museum
The museum is located in the former Moonta Mines Model School erected in 1878 and houses thematic displays on the Cornish miners’ lifestyles – mining, lodges and friendly societies, sports and pastimes, and death and hardship. - Moonta Mines Tourist Railway
This 50 minute narrow gauge rail train ride takes visitors past and through many of the sites which played an important role in Moonta’s history as a major copper producing centre. - Moonta Mines Church
Built during the mining boom in 1865, the church seated 750 people. However, the number of worshippers greatly exceeded this number so in 1872, a gallery to hold a further 500 was installed, making the seating capacity 1250. The church is open to visitors and features a beautiful pipe organ. - Miners’ Cottage and Garden
Built around 1870 and furnished in the pre-1900 style, the cottage is an example of a typical miner’s family home. Built of wattle and daub, mud bricks, clay and limestone and given a coat of plaster and whitewashed, many of these cottages were once to be found throughout the mine residential area. - Moonta Mines Walking Trails
Short self-guided walks at Hughes Enginehouse, Richmans Enginehouse and Ryans Shaft interpret the applications of the Cornish beam engine, ore processing and mining methods.
Hughes Walk Map Richmans Walk Map Ryans Walk Map
Download the Moonta Mines brochure - Wheal Hughes Mine Tour
NOTE: No longer available
Wheal Hughes was a modern open cut mine where you could go underground to a depth of 55m and see the mining methods used in the Moonta Mines.
Kadina
Kadina, the largest town on Yorke Peninsula, was established as a result of the discovery of copper. The nearby Wallaroo Mine was discovered in 1859, two years prior to the rich discovery at Moonta. In 1889, the Wallaroo and Moonta mining companies amalgamated and continued operations until 1923.
- Kadina Heritage Trail
This 12km signposted drive trail has 38 points of interest which highlight the history and development of Kadina and associated mining settlements.
Trail Map - Farm Shed Museum
This dryland farming museum is located on the site of the Matta Mine and includes the remains of a Cornish enginehouse and the mine manager’s residence. The museum features a display on the nearby Wallaroo Mine. - Harveys Enginehouse
Built in 1873, this Cornish enginehouse is the only surviving complete structure at Wallaroo Mines and is worthy of inspection.
Wallaroo
Wallaroo was established in 1861 as the site for smelting works to treat ore from the nearby Moonta and Wallaroo Mines. The smelting works employed a large number of Welsh smeltermen, who gave the town a distinctive character, as the Welsh language was used in the town for many years.
- Wallaroo Heritage Trail
A heritage drive passes numerous sites of historic interest including the smelting works site.
Trail Map - Wallaroo Heritage and Nautical Museum
This museum depicts Wallaroo’s colourful history including displays of the nearby smelting works.
FLINDERS RANGES AND THE OUTBACK Map
- Blinman Mine Trail
Blinman, just north of the Flinders Ranges National Park, was a busy copper mining town in the late 1800s and the nearby mine, which operated between 1862 and 1908, was the largest in the Flinders Ranges. Explore the mine workings and surface remains on a self-guided interpretive trail. Download the brochure - Blinman Tourist Mine
This tour provides access a 65m long adit which was excavated in 1899 and connects with the 27m level of the Blinman Mine. See spectacular views of the upper workings of the mine which have been excavated to the surface leaving huge chasms. A new tunnel connects the adit to the 1860s workings which show Cornish mining features such as a winze, rise and large open stopes where rich ore was removed. This unique underground experience is enhanced by a dramatic light and sound show. - Sliding Rock Mine
From Beltana, a 30 km gravelled road leads to Sliding Rock on Warraweena Conservation Park owned by a non profit company Wetlands & Wildlife. Copper ore was produced at the Sliding Rock Mine from 1870-1877, when the workings were flooded. Remains of an enginehouse and smelter still stand. Nearby is the site of the mining township of Cadnia which once accommodated 400 people. -
Nuccaleena Mine
This mine, about 30km from Blinman off the Glass Gorge Road, once gave promise of being the most productive in the Flinders Ranges. A number of substantial stone buildings, including the enginehouse for the first steam engine in the region, were erected in 1860; most still stand. Access to this site is by 4WD vehicle only. - Iron Knob
Iron Knob is the birthplace of the Australian Steel Industry. High grade iron ore deposits in the Middleback Ranges of the Eyre Peninsula were first mined at Iron Knob in 1900 for use in the Port Pirie lead smelters. After 1912, the iron ore was used in steelworks at Newcastle and, since 1941, at the nearby Whyalla steelworks. The Mining Museum tells the story of mining at Iron Knob and provides guided tours of the Iron Knob open cut and Whyalla Steelworks. - Radium Hill Heritage Museum
The Museum depicts the evolution of Radium Hill, from its initial discovery and birth (1906), its association with Sir Douglas Mawson, through its hey day of the 1950s, its closure, and now its memories, legacies and historical interest via artefacts, photos and memorabilia.
Coober Pedy
Opal was discovered at Coober Pedy, 863km northwest of Adelaide on the Stuart Highway in 1915. Over the years opalfields have surrounded the town with a spectacular lunar landscape of dumps and shafts. Tours of working mines are available but because of the danger other access is not permitted.
- Old Timers Mine
A self guided tour through an original 1916 opal mine, 1920 underground home and comprehensive museum, which illustrates the working life of the pioneer opal miners. The complex is a living museum of the Opal mining industry of South Australia. - Umoona Mine and Museum
The Umoona Opal Mine And Museum is an original 1916 underground opal mine that has been turned into a museum attraction offering guided tours and an opal mining interpretive centre.